基于粗糙集的BP神经网络在震例中的应用研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

董晓娜  苏道磊  李希亮  曲利  张慧峰  吴晨 《地震研究》2012,35(2):251-259,296

采用《中国震例》作为数据源,通过初步整理分析和预处理,构建了较完备的震例研究样本集。尝试将粗糙集与BP神经网络相结合的方法引入到震例研究中,用基于粗糙集的属性约简算法从众多复杂的地震异常指标中筛选出对最终分类起决定作用的核心异常作为输入,震级作为输出,构建了泛化能力强的BP神经网络模型来模拟异常与地震之间的不确定关系。仿真测试结果表明:地震震级预测精度误差基本控制在-0.5～0.5级之间。  相似文献   

Surveillance of Invasive Bacterial Pathogens and Human Enteric Viruses in Wastewater Final Effluents and Receiving Water Bodies – a Case Study from Durban,South Africa     

Ademola O. Olaniran  Shalinee Naidoo  Balakrishna Pillay 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(7):681-691

The physico‐chemical characteristics and microbial composition of the final effluents of two municipal wastewater treatment plants in South Africa were assessed between July and September 2009. The impact of the treated final effluents on the receiving water bodies was also evaluated. The temperature across all sampling points ranged between 14 and 22°C, while pH varied from 6.9 to 7.6. High levels of turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and orthophosphate (PO₄) were observed in many cases. Turbidity of the samples was in the range of 2.2–288.6 NTU. The concentrations (mg/L) of other physico‐chemical parameters are as follows: COD (9.33–289); ammonia (0.000340–45.4); nitrate (0.062–539); nitrite (0.021–22.6); PO₄ (5.3–33.2). The microbial quality of the effluents discharged from the plants did not comply with the limits set by the South African guidelines with respect to pathogens such as Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia coli, total coliform, faecal coliform, enterococci, faecal streptococci, and viral particles for effluents intended for discharge into receiving watersheds. This study revealed an undesirable impact on the physico‐chemical and microbial qualities of the receiving water bodies as a result of the discharge of inadequately treated effluents from the wastewater treatment facilities. This poses a health risk to several rural communities which rely on the receiving water bodies primarily as their sources of domestic water and recreational purposes. There is therefore a need for the intervention of appropriate regulatory agencies in South Africa to ensure compliance of treatment facilities with wastewater effluent quality standards.  相似文献   

某污染场地土壤苯并(a)芘含量的三维估值及不确定性分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陶欢  廖晓勇  阎秀兰  赵丹  马栋  李鹏 《地理研究》2014,33(10):1857-1865

污染场地修复前的准确评估是开展场地修复行动的基础和前提。建立了一套评估污染场地中污染土方量的三维插值方法,采用该方法模拟了某污染场地土壤苯并(a)芘(BaP)含量的空间分布并分析其不确定性。结果表明：场地地下环境中BaP含量数据服从对数正态分布,土壤中污染严重区域分别位于研究区的西南部和北部。通过普通克里格插值得到的BaP浓度超过0.4 mg·kg^-1的污染羽体积为14134 m³,对应的累积概率为0.585。依据给定变差范围值计算,得出现有收集数据对整个场地的描述程度为65%。基于该三维插值方法能准确地反映场地污染物空间分布特征,其不确定性分析可为补充采样布点及精准评估提供参考。  相似文献   

Establishing a predictive performance indicator for real‐time hybrid simulation          下载免费PDF全文

Amin Maghareh  Shirley J. Dyke  Arun Prakash  Gregory B. Bunting 《地震工程与结构动力学》2014,43(15):2299-2318

Real‐time hybrid simulation (RTHS) is increasingly being recognized as a powerful cyber‐physical technique that offers the opportunity for system evaluation of civil structures subject to extreme dynamic loading. Advances in this field are enabling researchers to evaluate new structural components/systems in cost‐effective and efficient ways, under more realistic conditions. For RTHS, performance metric clearly needs to be developed to predict and evaluate the accuracy of various partitioning choices while incorporating the dynamics of the transfer system, and computational/communication delays. In addition, because of the dynamics of the transfer system, communication delays, and computation delays, the RTHS equilibrium force at the interface between numerical and physical substructures is subject to phase discrepancy. Thus, the transfer system dynamics must be accommodated by appropriate actuator controllers. In this paper, a new performance indicator, predictive performance indicator (PPI), is proposed to assess the sensitivity of an RTHS configuration to any phase discrepancy resulting from transfer system dynamics and computational/communication delays. The predictive performance indicator provides a structural engineer with two sets of information as follows: (i) in the absence of a reference response, what is the level of fidelity of the RTHS response? and (ii) if needed, what partitioning adjustments can be made to effectively enhance the fidelity of the response? Moreover, along with the RTHS stability switch criterion, this performance metric may be used as an acceptance criteria for conducting single‐degree‐of‐freedom RTHS. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

内蒙古孟恩陶勒盖银铅锌矿床地质特征及找矿标志     

高友库  高忠昱  高忠强 《地质与资源》2012,21(2):211-215

孟恩陶勒盖大型银铅锌矿产于晚二叠世花岗岩杂岩体中心部位,矿床的主要容矿构造为一组沿东西向或近东西向展布向东收敛的脆性断裂带.成矿作用大致经历了4个阶段,形成了44条脉状矿体,按容矿构造分布划分为上、中、下3个矿脉群,其中主矿体9条,较大分支矿体9条,主矿体上下盘小矿体26条.矿床自下至上,具锌矿石-银铅锌矿石-银铅矿石的明显分带性.工业矿物主要为闪锌矿、方铅矿、深红银矿、黑硫银锡矿、自然银,主要有益组分为锌、铅、银,主要伴生有益组分有铟、镉、镓、铜、锡、金.矿床成因初步认为是裂隙充填脉状银铅锌多金属中温热液型,找矿标志明显.  相似文献   

Taxonomic distinctness of macrofauna as an ecological indicator in Laizhou Bay and adjacent waters     

Hong Zhou  Er Hua  Zhinan Zhang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2010,9(4):350-358

In this paper, we assessed the ecological and biodiversity status in the Bohai Sea through a quantitative survey on mac-rofaunal community at 25 stations in Laizhou Bay and adjacent waters in the autumn of 2006.We tested the robustness and effectiveness of taxonomic distinctness as an ecological indictor by analyzing its correlation with species richness and natural environmental variables and by analyzing other ecological indicators (Shannon-Wiener H' and W statistics from Abundance Biomass Comparison curve).Results so obtained indicated that the benthic environment of the study waters in general is not under major impact of anthropogenic disturbance, but some stations in Laizhou Bay and along the coast of the Shandong Peninsula and even in the central Bohai Sea might be moderately disturbed and showed signs of ecological degradation.The taxonomic distinctness measures △+ and Λ+ were independent of sampling effort and natural environment factors and were compliant to other ecological indicators.Further application of the taxonomic distinctness indicator to assess marine biodiversity and ecosystem health on a larger regional scale with historical data seems promising.  相似文献   

辽中地区矿业城市生态系统脆弱性研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

顾康康  刘景双  王洋  彭小黎  王明全 《地理科学》2008,28(6):759-764

辽中地区矿业城市是中国重要的能源生产和重工业基地,研究其生态系统脆弱性有助于改善该区域环境恶化、生态系统失调的状况,为其可持续发展提供决策依据。基于矿业城市复合生态系统内涵,建立了辽中地区矿业脆弱性评价指标体系,提出生态系统协调度,并设定了其脆弱性和协调性分级标准。结果表明:2005年,辽中地区矿业城市生态系统脆弱性处于亚稳定状态,主要限制因子为资源匹配指数、环境质量指数和经济发展指数;辽中地区矿业城市生态系统间处于亚协调状态,其中本溪略低于亚协调,处于低度失调状态。鞍山的资源匹配指数处于较失调状态,抚顺、本溪的资源匹配指数处于失调状态,抚顺、本溪的经济发展指数处于较失调状态,是限制整个生态系统协调发展的主要原因。该评价模型较真实的反映了辽中地区矿业城市生态系统脆弱性、协调性状况,并且提出了制约其发展主要限制因子。  相似文献   

南疆盆地沙尘气溶胶光学特性及我国沙尘天气强度划分标准的研究   总被引：13，自引：13，他引：0  

李霞  胡秀清  崔彩霞  李娟 《中国沙漠》2005,25(4):488-495

依据气溶胶光学厚度测量原理,利用布设于塔里木盆地腹地塔中和盆地西南边缘和田气象站的2部CE318自动跟踪太阳光度计于2002年6月至2003年11月期间的探测结果,结合地面气象实测资料,分析了南疆盆地大气气溶胶的光学特性。同时结合我国已有的沙尘气溶胶光学特性的研究成果,初步提出了依据气溶胶光学厚度判断沙尘天气强度的标准。结果表明:塔中、和田气溶胶光学厚度随波长的增大多呈现减小趋势,塔中个别季节有些例外;2站气溶胶光学厚度的日变化基本保持对称的抛物线形,在春、夏季尤为明显;Angstrom浑浊度系数β的拟合曲线显示β随能见度增大而减小,波长指数α随能见度的变化趋势说明弱沙尘天气下,大气中主要弥漫着小粒径的气溶胶颗粒,而强沙尘天气则以大粒径为主;沙尘气溶胶光学厚度随晴空、浮尘、扬沙、沙尘暴依次增加;沙尘天气发生时,气溶胶光学厚度的临界值基本为晴空值的两倍,沙漠地区气溶胶光学厚度≥1.1206,北京≥0.3174。而发生沙尘暴的阈值则有很大不同,沙漠区气溶胶光学厚度至少 > 3.0,北京由于大气污染等因素,其判断沙尘暴发生的阈值为1.9982。另外笔者认为AOD与水平能见度之比值能够较全面地考虑水平和垂直两个方向的要素变化,衡量沙尘天气强度更具有合理意义,值得更深一步的探讨。  相似文献   

滑坡监测的指标体系与技术方法   总被引：17，自引：1，他引：16  

周平根 《地质力学学报》2004,10(1):19-26

滑坡监测目的:了解和掌握滑坡体的演变过程,及时捕捉崩滑灾害的特征信息,为崩塌滑坡的正确分析、评价、预测、预报及治理工程等提供可靠资料和科学依据。滑坡监测指标包括地质宏观形迹监测、地面位移监测、深部位移监测、诱发因素监测、水压力监测和滑坡地球物理、地球化学场监测等。滑坡监测技术方法通常有地面宏观形迹的简易观测、地面仪器监测、空间遥测和遥感监测、综合的实时监测预报系统等。论文还介绍了宝塔滑坡监测系统实例。   相似文献   

黑潮及相邻海域表层砂壳纤毛虫分布模式:以夏季黄海、东海至西太平洋断面为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宣俊  李海波  王超锋  董逸  赵苑  赵丽  张武昌 《海洋科学》2022,46(2):28-36

2019年夏季对沿黄、东海至西太平洋跨越黑潮一个断面(122°E～145°E)的表层砂壳纤毛虫群落进行调查,研究了黑潮中砂壳纤毛虫与相邻水体的差异.根据水文环境及各站位所处的空间位置,我们将研究区域划分为大洋边缘区域、黑潮区域和大洋区域.各站位砂壳纤毛虫的丰度范围为3.95～31.94 ind·L–1,种丰富度范围为6...  相似文献